What primary function do prostaglandins have during inflammation?

• A. To increase blood pressure
• B. To induce fever
• C. To promote vasodilation and pain
• D. To prevent tissue death

Answer: (C)

Prostaglandins play a crucial role during inflammation primarily by promoting vasodilation and sensitizing pain receptors. When tissue is injured or inflamed, arachidonic acid is released from cell membrane phospholipids and converted into prostaglandins through the action of cyclooxygenase enzymes.

The vasodilatory effect of prostaglandins facilitates increased blood flow to the affected area, which is important for delivering immune cells and nutrients necessary for the healing process. This increased perfusion can lead to the characteristic redness and warmth observed in inflamed tissues. Additionally, prostaglandins enhance the sensitivity of nociceptors (pain receptors), leading to an increased perception of pain. This is beneficial as it prompts the affected individual to rest the injured area and avoid further harm.

While prostaglandins can influence other processes, such as inducing fever and playing a role in regulating blood pressure, their primary established functions in the context of inflammation revolve around vasodilation and the modulation of pain, contributing to the overall inflammatory response.